The intense archaeological fieldwork carried out in Cyprus over the last thirty years has radically modified the image we have of the Neolithic transition in Cyprus. They have revealed the unfolding, on the island, between 9000 and 7000 cal BC, of a process comparable to that observed in the Levant, with a phase of villages of predomestic cultivators (Cypro-PPNA) followed by a rise in agriculture and stockbreeding, in a context and according to rhythms parallel to those of the Levantine PPNB. The maritime isolation of Cyprus offers the opportunity to discuss local factors separately from regional factors, to evoke in an original way the question of prehistoric navigation and, beyond that, of the transfer of knowledge and know-how, the capacity for innovation and connectivity within the Levantine Pre-Pottery Neolithic world.